1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's commonly used in chemistry and biology for preparing solutions with precise concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity equation:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( mass \) — Mass of solute (grams)
• \( volume \) — Volume of solution (liters)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute (g/mol)

Explanation: The equation calculates how many moles of solute are present in each liter of solution, which is the definition of molarity.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions in laboratory work, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical reactions where precise concentrations are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass of solute in grams, the volume of solution in liters, and the molecular weight in g/mol. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I convert between molarity and percentage concentration?
A: You need to know the density of the solution. Percentage concentration is mass of solute per 100 units of solution.

Q3: What if my volume is in milliliters?
A: Convert milliliters to liters by dividing by 1000 before entering the value (1 mL = 0.001 L).

Q4: Can I use this for dilutions?
A: Yes, the calculator can help determine the initial molarity before dilution. For dilution calculations, you would use M₁V₁ = M₂V₂.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most laboratory work, measuring mass to 3-4 significant figures and volume with calibrated glassware provides sufficient precision.