1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most common units for measuring concentration in chemistry and biology.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( m \) — Mass of solute (g)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute (g/mol)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (L)

Explanation: The formula converts mass to moles (by dividing by molecular weight) and then divides by volume to get concentration in moles per liter.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is critical for experiments, drug formulations, and chemical reactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. For best accuracy, use precise measurements.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity is temperature-dependent (volume changes with temperature).

Q2: How do I find the molecular weight of a compound?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. For example, water (H₂O) has MW = 2(1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.

Q3: Can I use milliliters for volume?
A: Yes, but you must convert to liters (divide by 1000) before using in the calculator since molarity is defined per liter.

Q4: What if my compound is a hydrate?
A: Include the water molecules in the molecular weight calculation (e.g., CuSO₄·5H₂O includes 5 water molecules in its MW).

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most laboratory work, measure mass to at least 4 significant figures and use an appropriately precise balance.