Section 09

Molecular biology lab calculators

Bench arithmetic for nucleic acids and proteins: picomoles of double-stranded DNA, insert mass for a ligation ratio and protein molar concentration from mg/mL.

Calculators in this section: 7
Typical formula: pmol = ng × 1000 ÷ (bp × 617.96 + 36.04)

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No. 09-0251Real-Time PCR Copy Number Calculator and FormulaDNA molecule copies974,462,678 moleculesA real-time PCR copy number calculator converts DNA mass and fragment length into an estimated number of targe… No. 09-0194RNA Copy Number Calculator: Convert Mass to MoleculesRNA copy number1.873 × 10¹¹ moleculesAn RNA copy number calculator converts a known RNA mass and sequence length into an estimated number of RNA mo… No. 09-0122Transcribe DNA to mRNA Calculator and Base-Pair RulesA DNA-to-mRNA transcription calculator converts a DNA sequence into the complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) seq…

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Page	Works out	Example result
DNA Molarity Calculator: nM and pmol of Double-Stranded DNA	Molar concentration	26.97 nM
Ligation Calculator: Insert Mass for an Insert-to-Vector Molar Ratio	Insert mass needed	37.50 ng
Protein Concentration Calculator: mg/mL to µM From Molecular Weight	Molar concentration	22.556 µM
Real-Time PCR Copy Number Calculator and Formula	DNA molecule copies	974,462,678 molecules
RNA Copy Number Calculator: Convert Mass to Molecules	RNA copy number	1.873 × 10¹¹ molecules
Transcribe DNA to mRNA Calculator and Base-Pair Rules
Transcribe DNA to RNA Calculator: Template to mRNA

Every calculator uses a standard formula and shows it, with the constants and unit factors it needs. Method and constants.